Rapid Review and Official Source Checklist

High-Yield Revision Table

Institution / instrument	Year	High-yield cue
Nepal Telecom / NDCL	/ 2004	Corporation transformed into a company; state-controlled national operator
NTA	/ 1998	Autonomous sector regulator; five-member source structure; Section 13 lists 15 functions
Telecommunications Act	/ 1997	Creates NTA; licensing, RTDF, royalty, tariff, frequency policy, enforcement, and appeal
Telecommunications Regulation	/ 1997	Procedures under the Act; amended over time, including a reported tenth amendment
Telecommunications Policy	/ 2004	Universal access, competition, private participation, quality, and rural service
Company Act	/ 2006	Incorporation, MoA/AoA, prospectus, governance, meetings, accounts, and audit
NT Financial Regulations	/ 2014	Procurement, plan/budget, custody, property, and financial control
ICT Policy	/ 2015	Knowledge society, literacy, broadband, e-governance, industry, and jobs
Digital Nepal Framework	/ 2019	One nation, eight sectors, 80 initiatives
NT Employee Regulations	/ 2021	Leave, conduct, discipline/appeal, retirement/benefits; official page lists a third amendment
National Cyber Security Policy	/ 2023	Secure and resilient cyberspace, CII, national coordination, capability, and NCSC direction

Institutions and instruments at a glance

Recall Checklist

Nepal Telecom: transformed on Baisakh 1, 2061; official current milestone page uses 1916 for the first Kathmandu lines and Raxaul link.
Governance chain: shareholders/general body $\rightarrow$ board $\rightarrow$ managing director $\rightarrow$ executive offices/directorates $\rightarrow$ field/service units.
NTA: regulator, not operator or ministry; remember the 15 Section 13 functions as policy/advice, access, investment/competition, standards, licensing/tariff/frequency, research/skills, consumers/transit/development.
License source figures: maximum 25 years, issued no more than 10 years at a time, renewal no more than five at a time; check amendments and re-issuance rules.
RTDF: sector-funded mechanism for rural/underserved expansion; royalty: payment to government under the licensing framework.
MoA versus AoA: external constitutional scope versus internal governance rules; both remain subordinate to statute.
Employee chapters: 7 leave, 9 conduct, 10 punishment/appeal, 11 retirement/benefits; use the consolidated third-amendment text.
Financial Regulations: Part 2 procurement; Part 3 Chapter 1 plan and budget; Part 3 Chapter 3 custody/property.
Digital Nepal: 1–8–80; ICT Policy targets: 75% literacy, 90% broadband, 7.5% GDP in the original source summary.
Cyber policy: CII, NCSC direction, resilience, skills, coordination, and international cooperation.

Primary Pages to Check Before the Exam

Nepal Law Commission:
consolidated Telecommunications Act and other Acts, https://lawcommission.gov.np/

Nepal Telecommunications Authority:
functions, directives, regulations, licenses, QoS, tariff, spectrum, RTDF, and notices, https://www.nta.gov.np/

Nepal Telecom:
company profile, milestones, constitutional documents, latest employee-regulation amendments, reports, services, and tariffs, https://www.ntc.net.np/

MoCIT:
current policies, frameworks, implementation decisions, and sector notices, https://mocit.gov.np/

PPMO:
current public-procurement law, rules, directives, standard bidding documents, and e-GP material, https://ppmo.gov.np/