Nepal Telecom

Identity and Historical Development

Nepal Doorsanchar Company Limited (NDCL), known publicly by the registered brand Nepal Telecom (NT), is Nepal’s state-controlled telecommunications company. Its central office is at Doorsanchar Bhawan, Bhadrakali Plaza, Kathmandu. The former Nepal Telecommunications Corporation was transformed into NDCL on Baisakh 1, 2061 BS (13 April 2004) and registered under the then-applicable Company Act.

AD	BS	Milestone
1916	1973	First telephone lines in Kathmandu and open-wire trunk link from Kathmandu to Raxaul, as listed on Nepal Telecom’s current milestone page
1959	2016	Telecommunication Department established
1969	2026	Department converted into the Telecommunications Development Board
1975	2032	Nepal Telecommunications Corporation established as a fully government-owned corporation
2004	2061	Corporation transformed into Nepal Doorsanchar Company Limited
2015	2071/72	FTTH service launched
2017	2073/74	4G/LTE service launched
2020	2076/77	VoLTE launched
2022	2078/79	eSIM launched
2025	2081/82	VoWiFi launched

Selected institutional milestones

Note

Key Point — Correcting a common legacy date

Some older notes state 1913 for Nepal’s first telephone lines and 1914 for the Kathmandu–Raxaul link. Nepal Telecom’s official milestone page available at the verification date lists both events in 1916 (BS 1973); use the official date required by the current syllabus or source specified by the examiner.

The Government of Nepal remains the controlling shareholder. Do not memorize a legacy approximation such as “about 85%” without checking the latest audited annual report or shareholder disclosure, because the exact ownership split is a time-sensitive corporate fact.

Vision, Mission, Goal, and Objectives

Element	Official substance
Vision	Remain a dominant player in Nepal’s telecommunications sector while extending reliable and cost-effective services to all
Mission	Operate as a progressive, customer-spirited and responsive entity, providing reliable nationwide service that advances social, political, and economic development
Goal	Provide cost-effective telecommunication services to every nook and corner of the country

Nepal Telecom’s stated direction

These statements imply six practical objectives:

1. provide reliable, affordable, and quality services in urban and rural areas;

2. expand infrastructure and universal access;

3. adopt appropriate modern technologies and improve capacity;

4. contribute taxes, dividends, employment, and infrastructure to the economy;

5. remain commercially responsive and competitive while meeting public obligations; and

6. reduce geographic, economic, and capability dimensions of the digital divide.

Governance and Organization

Nepal Telecom uses a line-and-staff hierarchy within company-law governance. The exact names and number of offices change with approved restructuring, but the durable accountability chain is shown in the figure.

Conceptual Nepal Telecom governance and operating hierarchy

General body.
Shareholders exercise powers assigned by company law and the constitutional documents through general meetings.

Board of directors.
Directs policy, strategy, oversight, and major corporate decisions within its legal and delegated authority.

Managing director.
Serves as chief executive and is accountable for execution and day-to-day management through executive offices, directorates, departments, and field units.

Service Scope and Technology Base

Domain	Illustrative services
Fixed access	PSTN/voice, broadband access, FTTH, and leased connectivity
Mobile	GSM-family voice and data, 3G/4G-LTE, VoLTE, eSIM, and VoWiFi where offered
Internet and enterprise data	Broadband, leased Internet, IP-VPN, cloud or data-center-related services
Backbone and wholesale	National transmission/IP backbone, gateways, interconnection, transit, and capacity
Value-added and digital services	Messaging, intelligent-network services, television/content, applications, and digital-payment partnerships

Major Nepal Telecom service domains

The underlying technology portfolio includes digital switching and IP-based voice, optical access and backbone, MPLS/IP core networks, microwave and satellite links for suitable terrain, mobile radio access, service platforms, charging/billing, and operations-support systems. Legacy services such as CDMA, ADSL, or ISDN should be described according to their current operational status, not assumed permanently active from older notes.

Tariff Regulation

Nepal Telecom is a licensee regulated by NTA. The Telecommunications Act assigns NTA the function of approving and regularizing fees charged by licensees, and Section 42 addresses service charges. A good legal answer separates:

• the licensee’s tariff proposal and effective date;

• NTA approval or regulatory control;

• publication and transparency to customers;

• fairness, reasonableness, non-discrimination, and applicable guidelines; and

• the exact notice period and procedure in the current consolidated text.

The supplied source states submission at least three months before enforcement. Treat that as an examinable figure only when it matches the prescribed current Act, Rules, tariff guideline, or license condition.

Institutional Relationships

Stakeholder	Relationship
Government of Nepal	Controlling shareholder, policy maker, tax and dividend recipient, and owner of wider public-interest objectives
MoCIT	Sector ministry responsible for national communication and information technology policy and government liaison
Nepal Telecommunications Authority	Licenses and regulates service, tariffs, quality, interconnection, spectrum-related compliance, and consumer interests
Customers	Purchase and use services; hold contractual and regulatory rights concerning price, quality, privacy, complaint, and continuity
Other operators	Compete in retail/wholesale markets and interconnect under regulatory and commercial arrangements
Vendors and contractors	Supply goods, works, and services under procurement, financial, integrity, and contract controls
Employees and unions	Deliver operations under employment law, company regulations, collective arrangements, and professional duties

Nepal Telecom’s principal stakeholder relationships